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All gardeners know how important watering the garden is. However, watering the garden is a rather laborious process, for this reason, gardeners and summer residents are now interested in how to do drip irrigation.
After all, by assembling a drip irrigation system with your own hands, you can simultaneously solve several problems, save money, time and get an excellent harvest from your site. Because the drip irrigation system evenly distributes moisture and fertilizer throughout the garden.
In our industrial age, there are several completely different drip irrigation designs.
Device for giving
Most summer residents are interested in the question of how to organize drip irrigation with their own hands? Having decided to assemble the drip irrigation design with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account some nuances, and above all those relating to the reserves of the water resource, because there should be enough water to charge the siphon.
The siphon in this situation can be a pipe in the form of an arc, installed vertically, with one end connected to a tank filled with water, and the other end connected to the pipeline.
Moreover, the siphon must have a height corresponding to the volume of liquid in the tank.
The design of irrigation for a summer residence looks like this: water from a tank flows into irrigation hoses, in which holes of a certain diameter are cut to spray water resources. This design of irrigation can take a variety of forms.
As an example, consider the irrigation of shrubs, for which a ring irrigation design is created, and a rectangular irrigation system from a standard pipeline is great for vegetable plantings.
Watering is regulated using a special system that includes a rain valve, several springs, a lever, a pusher, and a tank cover.
The valve will operate if a notch is created on the lid of the tank for rain, which acts as a load. The rain collection valve works on the same principle as the toilet cistern flush system.
When creating the actual design of drip irrigation, it is necessary to take into account certain features of the planting and development of the roots of seedlings, each specific type of planting. Because the speed of fluid movement depends primarily on the depth at which the roots of the planted plantations are located.
So, the deeper the roots go into the ground, the slower the flow of moisture. Plants with shallow roots are more susceptible to drought.
However, the roots of most green spaces are located at a depth not exceeding 20-25 cm, so drip irrigation in a greenhouse needs to use less water, unlike fruit trees.
Automatic design
The automated design of drip irrigation is convenient because it allows you to water every day, at a specified hour without your presence. The fact is that this system will turn on and off on its own at the right time.
How to make drip irrigation for summer cottages automatic?
The creation of the design of an automatic drip irrigation system must begin with the fact that the pump must be connected to a hose in which through holes must first be made. Water will flow freely through these holes.
The gap between the holes should be 30-35 cm. Next, the hose must be drawn throughout the area. In the process of setting the start time for irrigation, you need to take into account such a parameter as pump power.
The drip irrigation system is ideal for the lawn, because the roots of the grass are usually located at a depth of no more than 15 cm. Moreover, in the summer, the lawn simply needs regular watering, otherwise you risk at least losing the attractiveness of the lawn, otherwise it can lead to complete lawn loss.
Note!
Considering the financial cost of planting new grass, automatic watering seems to be justified.
However, when organizing an automated design, as in the photo of drip irrigation, some design features must be taken into account.
So, there are cases when there is an excess of water in the nearest area, but no water has arrived at the last one. In addition, there are situations when a powerful water pressure, when pumped by a pump, leads to waterlogging.
A special dispenser, purchased at any gardening or assembled with your own hands from a plastic bottle, is able to solve this issue.
The so-called drip irrigation from bottles is formed, the action of which is similar to the operation of a toilet bowl drain barrel.
Note!
This structural element will provide you with the rate of fluid flow to each bed, and individually to each seedling root.
In the automatic design of irrigation, the leading place is given to a dropper mounted on a pipeline system. It is through this device that fluid is supplied directly to the root system.
If, when assembling an automated irrigation design, you decide to save a little on costs, then it is acceptable to replace the droppers with plastic parts from the medical system kit.
However, the best option is ready-made droppers with a mechanism for regulating water pressure, which are available in specialized stores.
DIY drip irrigation photo
Note!
Quite often, summer residents are faced with the problem of a lack or excess of moisture that irrigates plants. If we talk about the hottest period of the season, then the plants should be watered daily, it is advisable to perform such manipulations in the evening. However, this is not possible in all cases. In this case, it is recommended to equip drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials. This will help solve the problems mentioned. Such a system will not only save time, but also energy by reducing water consumption and providing enough moisture to irrigate the plants.
Design features of drip irrigation
Before starting work, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technological features and prepare all materials and tools. It is important to plan the area for irrigation. The water tank must be located at a high distance from the surface of the earth so that the liquid flows through the pipeline.
The main pipeline will be connected to the tank, while water will be supplied from it through tees. For laying, you will need a plastic pipe, the diameter of which should be equal to 5 cm. You will need a filter, tees designed to connect hoses, as well as fittings equipped with taps.
The master must take care of the presence of a tape or a watering hose. If it will be equipped from improvised materials, then it is important to think about how much to choose. This parameter depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe territory.
A translucent plastic container should not be used as a tank, as it is most susceptible to green algae. Equipping drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials, you should prepare plastic pipes that will act as a watering hose. Such products are also excellent for the main pipeline. They have many advantages, including ease of installation, elimination of corrosion, ductility and low cost.
If you intend to use fertilizers for watering cultivated plants, then you should stock up on water-soluble compounds that are devoid of small particles. If you do not take this rule into account, then the irrigation system may become clogged.
Arrangement of a drip irrigation system
If you are going to equip drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials, then you first need to prepare the territory by marking it. After that, you can start installation work. The master must cut off the hose for the installation of the main pipeline. By means of an adapter and a tap, the pipe is connected to the water supply system. The faucet to the water tank must be attached slightly above the bottom level so that debris or sediment cannot enter the hose. At the end of the pipe must be closed with a tap.
If you use a tap as a plug, this will allow you to flush the pipeline, if such a need arises. A filter must be installed between the water tank and the central pipeline, it will trap debris and sediment, preventing clogging.
Features of the work
If you need drip irrigation, it is quite easy to equip such a system from improvised materials. The central hose must be drawn along the length of the section, positioned perpendicular to the landings. Holes are made in the hose and watering tapes for each bed are installed by means of taps with seals. Tapes should be placed along the beds along the length.
After you make the connection, the elements are provided with end caps. For this, pre-prepared pieces of tape are most often used, the diameter of which is 1 cm. The tape should be bent at the end, after which the prepared segments should be put on it. Rings will help to fix the tapes along the entire length of the system. If you make such drip irrigation in the country with your own hands, then it will allow you to irrigate tomatoes, cucumbers, which are located in the greenhouse, or outdoor cultivated plants.
Alternative drip irrigation system
Traditional plastic bottles can also be used to equip the described system. But this approach is optimal only for oversized areas. Such a system is able to provide dosed irrigation of plants for 4 days. This technology, as a rule, is resorted to by summer residents who have the opportunity to take care of the garden exclusively on weekends. You can choose one of two options. For installation, bottles should be prepared, the volume of which varies from 1.5 to 2.5 liters.
First way
We continue to consider how to make drip irrigation with your own hands. The neck of the container should be closed with a lid, and several holes should be made on the sides, their number will depend on the structure of the soil. If the soil is sandy, then three holes will be enough, if the soil is clay, then 4 holes should be made. The bottles are dug into the ground, while it should be deepened by 15 cm. The container is placed between plantings with the neck up. Water will pour in through the neck, the holes will allow the roots to be moistened. It is recommended to make a hole in the lid, which will prevent the container from squeezing after water flows out.
Second way
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation of the garden can also be equipped using the second technology, which is most suitable for plants that love warm water. Bottles should be hung above the ground using wooden supports or wire. To do this, you should dig in the pillars along the edges of the beds, on the first of which the bottles will be fixed. A hole is made at the base of the container, and then the bottles are hung with a wire, with the neck facing down. Irrigation is realized through the holes in the lid, they can also be placed on the sides of the neck. If the plants need a lot of water, then you can use five-liter bottles, in which one hole should be made.
Conclusion
Homemade is easy enough to equip. In this case, you will not make a lot of effort, and you will not need money at all. It is very simple to organize the process on your own, and among the advantages of the system, efficiency can also be distinguished. Irrigation will be carried out in small portions, so that the soil is gradually saturated with moisture in sufficient quantities. This device is able to facilitate labor and reduce the time spent on work with the crop. Many fans of working on the territory of the personal plot choose drip irrigation, which has become a successful replacement for all other systems.
There are several reasons why gardeners are unwilling or unable to purchase a ready-made irrigation system for vegetable gardens and greenhouses. In such cases, drip irrigation is made by hand from the funds that every summer resident has.
After all, on your site you can find enough items and details for this. The advantage will be minimal financial costs. In addition, a well-made drip irrigation system for the garden can be safely used for its intended purpose.
Benefits of using drip irrigation
Soil aeration. The soil is not waterlogged, which ensures good ventilation of the plant root system for the entire period of growth, which is not interrupted at the time of irrigation or after it. Soil oxygen helps the root system achieve the best possible functioning.
root system. Root development is much better than with other irrigation methods. The plant more intensively consumes liquid and absorbs nutrients. With this method of irrigation, the efficiency exceeds 95%, when surface irrigation gives only 5%, and sprinkler - about 65%.
Food. Liquid fertilizers are absorbed directly by the root system. Nutrients are absorbed with maximum intensity, which gives the best effect. This method of plant nutrition is most effective in dry climates.
Plant protection. The leaves remain dry, and as a result, the likelihood of diseases is significantly reduced, since the drugs are not washed off the leaves.
Soil erosion prevention. This method of irrigation makes it possible to irrigate slopes or topographically difficult areas. There is no need to build complex structures or move the soil.
Significant water savings. Compared to other irrigation methods, drip irrigation saves water in the range of 20-80%. Only the root system is moistened. Reduced water evaporation losses. Liquid from peripheral drains is not spent.
early maturation. With this irrigation, the soil temperature is higher than with other options, and this stimulates crops to harvest earlier.
Energy and labor costs. The power costs for irrigation are reduced. Saves energy. The drip system is not affected by the pressure drop in the pipeline.
Agrotechnology. Drip irrigation allows you to treat the soil, spray plants and harvest at any convenient time, regardless of irrigation, because the areas between the beds are not moistened throughout the season.
Soils. Drip irrigation allows you to grow plants on soils with a moderate salt content, since salted water can be used.
Did you know? Auto-irrigation has grown in popularity among Australians due to its ability to conserve water. For the inhabitants of this mainland, there are strict restrictions on the use of this natural resource. Such irrigation systems are installed in 3/4 of the dachas and gardens of Australians.
How to make a simple irrigation system
Drip irrigation is not an innovative technology and was invented a long time ago in a country with an arid climate - in Israel. Since then, it has been actively used in the agricultural industry around the world.
But in a small area it does not make sense to use expensive irrigation systems. Therefore, drip irrigation can be done with your own hands from improvised materials.
Making drip irrigation from bottles
The easiest way to build a homemade drip irrigation is to stock up on unnecessary plastic bottles. This system is perfect for small areas.
One container is designed for a maximum of two bushes, which makes it possible to develop an individual irrigation regime for each plant.
For watering crops that consume more liquid, bottles with an increased number of holes are attached. So the moisture will be sufficient. A two-liter container is enough for up to four days of irrigation.
If you have to leave for a longer period, then you can put bigger bottles, for example, 5-6 liters.
A design for bottle irrigation of garden plants can be built in three ways.
№1. Dig a container between rows or bushes, having previously made holes in it with a needle. Do not pierce large holes. Moisture should not flow out quickly.
Important! Make punctures as low as possible so that there is no liquid left in the bottle.
Leave the neck of the container above the soil by 5-7 centimeters, so it will be more convenient to fill it. To prevent the liquid from evaporating, screw the bottle with a lid with a hole previously made in it.
If you simply close the neck with a cap, a low pressure is formed inside the bottle, which crushes it. Depending on the type of soil, the number of holes made also varies.
Three will be enough for sandy. For clay it is better to do five.
№2. Water containers are suspended above the plants. Place pegs along the edges of the bed and stretch a wire or a strong rope between them. Hang bottles without a bottom on it.
Moisture in this case will evaporate faster, but heated water will not so injure the roots of plants that love heat.
Make a hole in the neck of such a diameter that the liquid does not pour out too quickly. To direct water directly to the root system, you need to insert a rod from the handle into the lid. So the water will be better absorbed.
Plug the free end of the rod with a toothpick and make a hole higher, then the water will not flow out too quickly. Lubricate the junction of the rod and the cover with sealant so that excess liquid does not get into the bed.
№3. In this method, bottles are also used as materials for drip irrigation, but with a small addition. The bottom of the bottle must be cut off and a special ceramic cone put on the neck.
They stick the container into the ground in the root circle of the plant. The internal structure of the cone serves as a kind of indicator that determines the level of soil moisture. As soon as it begins to dry out, moisture is again supplied to the root system.
How to create an irrigation system from medical droppers
Another simple way to feed plants is to collect drip irrigation with your own hands. from medical droppers. The main thing is to have all the necessary materials and tools at hand.
From droppers, you can make an effective irrigation system, which is very affordable in terms of material resources. To create such a design, it is enough to strictly adhere to the plan and follow all the rules.
First of all, cut the system into segments equal to the length of the beds, and make holes in them. The distance between them should be at least half a meter.
Then hang the tubes over the beds. This can be done with various fasteners for parts. Plug the ends of the pipes. The wheel allows you to adjust the water pressure.
A do-it-yourself dripper for drip irrigation is a very convenient system. With its help, you can quickly water the beds, without making much effort.
Also, this system is suitable for feeding plants with liquid fertilizers. Nutrient fluid enters directly under the root of the culture.
Among the shortcomings, one can single out the need to dismantle the equipment when the temperature drops. Plastic can become unusable in winter.
How to make underground drip irrigation
The name of this method speaks for itself. Its essence lies in the fact that moisture does not come to the roots of plants from the outside, but directly underground.
This result is achieved thanks to pre-installed special structures for underground irrigation. Next, we will tell you how to organize drip underground irrigation with your own hands.
Required Tools
To create an apparatus for underground irrigation in a garden plot, you will need the following:
- Hoses and pipes of suitable diameter - 0.5 cm.
- Drainage layer consisting of pebbles, crushed stone, slag and cuttings of branches.
- Shovel.
- Roll of polyethylene.
- Filter element.
- Water access point.
Manufacturing and installation process
Before you equip drip irrigation at home, decide on the method of water supply. If there is no water supply to the garden, you should consider an option with a separate container specifically for irrigation.
It is possible to accumulate rainwater from the roof, it remains only to think over a system for draining, supplying and collecting liquid into a separate container. The barrel of water should be higher than the beds. 
Nobody canceled the physical laws, and water under pressure will come from the barrel. You can adjust the height of the tank to increase or decrease the water pressure.
The next step is laying the system itself. Dig a hole or trench, cover it with polyethylene and pour a drainage layer. Install the tubes (the holes in them should already be made) with the filter. Top with a drainage layer again and then cover with earth.
Did you know? In the US, a sub-irrigation system is one of the top desirable improvements for the garden.
If you don't feel like working with your hands
Literally recently, only experienced gardeners with “hands from where needed” could build drip irrigation systems. After all, it is not so easy to calculate everything, pick up hoses and fasteners, carefully make holes. Today, in specialized stores, you can choose any model of drip irrigation system that you want.
Choosing a drip irrigation system
Manufacturers of drip irrigation systems can design and manufacture various structural details. As they say, everything is in their hands. Yes, and they can be called pretentiously and differently, just to attract customers.
But a standard drip irrigation system consists of the following elements: a main hose through which water from the primary source goes to the supply hose, from which droppers depart.
Droppers can be both small thin tubes and larger hoses, at the ends of which there are screwed irrigation dispensers. The deeper they are twisted, the less water drips.
There are also various adapters in the kit, which are used for joining individual structural elements. There are also plugs for unnecessary hose holes so that water does not flow out from where it is not needed.
It is better to choose a system with a built-in filter that prevents drippers from clogging. The pegs that fix the hose will also be a plus, since, depending on the pressure of the water, the hose can change its position in space.
You can additionally order a timer - a very convenient thing. With it, you can endow the drip irrigation system with intelligence. You can set the start and end of irrigation, as well as the interval between watering. This feature is very convenient when you have to leave your garden for a long time.
Installation of the system in a greenhouse or vegetable garden
Every business that concerns the construction of any structure for a summer residence or garden should begin with planning. As they say, calculation is the key to common sense and successful design.
The device in the country or garden of the irrigation system is one of the main factors in obtaining a good harvest. Most effective way irrigation is recognized as a dotted dosed system for the supply of moisture under the root of each plant bush. Gardeners, unlimited in finances, buy industrial irrigation systems, and savvy craftsmen make drip irrigation from improvised means with their own hands.
How to make drip irrigation from improvised means with your own hands
A container made of dark plastic, which is available in abundance in the summer on any personal plot, is a suitable material for building a simple do-it-yourself drip irrigation system.
Option number 1
We tear out a small hole between the beds and install a 1- or 2-liter plastic bottle there. We make holes in the cork located at the top for air access. On the sides of the container we pierce thin holes in a checkerboard pattern for moisture to enter from the bottle to the roots of nearby plants.
Option number 2
We install supports on both sides of the bed. A beam is placed on the supports, to which water bottles are suspended. Small holes are pierced in the lids to drain water from containers laid horizontally on the beam. Another way: the bottles are hung vertically down. The necessary water will flow to the roots through the thin holes made in the lid or through the cleaned used pen refills inserted into the containers with the writing tip removed.
Before use, the bottles are cleaned of labels, thoroughly washed and dried.
Option number 3
A little patience and skill is needed to set up a do-it-yourself drip irrigation system from medical droppers.
This will require:
- hoses made of rubber or pipes made of polyethylene, PVC;
- connecting adapters, fittings, tees, end caps;
- used medical droppers.
To collect the irrigation system according to a pre-compiled scheme:
- hoses (pipes) are laid out;
- through adapters, they are connected to each other and to the source of water supply;
- we put plugs along the edges;
- in the hoses (pipes) in front of each plant, using an awl, we make small holes into which we tightly insert the plastic ends of the droppers. Adjust the water pressure with the wheel.
Before use and each subsequent season, the entire system must be thoroughly flushed. Thin holes in the irrigation system can gradually become clogged. It is recommended to install a fine filter when water enters it.
Summer residents have learned to make home-made filters for drip irrigation with their own hands using pieces of nylon socks or tights. An empty plastic container in which medicines were stored can be used to make a filter. Connecting tubes inserted at the entrance to the irrigation system are tightly attached to it. Nylon elements are inserted into a plastic jar, which is tightly screwed on with a lid. It is recommended to use filters with throughput cells three times smaller than the holes of the droppers used.
DIY drip hose
If a home-made drip irrigation system is being built with a conductive hose laid out on the ground or laid on a support, its functions can be performed by:
- ordinary single-layer or multi-layer rubber hose;
- hose made of polyvinyl chloride;
- silicone hose.
When it is planned to bury the plumbing system into the soil, it is more reliable to build it from plastic or polypropylene pipes. Such a conductive hose will be less affected by corrosion and temperature changes.
In any case, the conductive hose must be suitable for making holes in it for inserting medical or other types of droppers with tips and not letting water through in places not intended for irrigation.
Homemade drip irrigation system
Drip tapes are popular with gardeners. They are also made by hand. Tape drip irrigation system consists of:
- main pipeline;
- main distribution pipes;
- tapes made of plastic with holes located at equal distances from each other or perforated hose-tapes.
The optimal choice of material for the manufacture of wiring - polyethylene pipes for irrigation. It is convenient to install distributing connectors, tees, transitions, valve and ball valves, other connecting elements with a source of water intake and drip tapes on them. After preliminary cleaning and checking the wiring of pipes, plugs are placed along their edges. Drip tapes are attached to distribution pipes using start fittings and adapters. During the pre-test, the operation of each dropper is checked. In case of clogging, mechanical cleaning is carried out. Drip tape or seamless tubes are buried at a shallow depth of 2 to 3 centimeters to prevent watered roots from penetrating the system.
A typical do-it-yourself drip irrigation scheme looks like this:
Instead of drip tapes for homemade drip irrigation, seamless polyvinyl chloride tubes with emitters are used.
As a source of water, a volumetric filling plastic tank is used, which is installed at a height of two meters to ensure the necessary water pressure in the system. The calculation of the water reserve is carried out on the basis of taking into account the usable area occupied by the beds, the type of soil, the number of plants and the need for moisture (from 0.8 to 1.5 l / hour). Soft rain or melt water is preferable for irrigation compared to tap water. It is more beneficial for plants when its temperature is identical to the temperature of air and soil.
Fight against clogged pipes
To simultaneously feed vegetables, fertilizers are often added to the water. It should be remembered that only special soluble fertilizers should be used to prevent them from clogging the conductive hoses.
The connection of the tank with the entrance to the irrigation system should be made a little higher than the bottom. This will reduce the likelihood of clogging of the pipes with debris settling to the bottom of the tank.
To prevent clogging of pipes with chemical impurities of oxides of iron, aluminum, magnesium, phosphorus accumulating in hard water, acid additives are used. From contamination with mucus, microorganisms, thorough washing is periodically carried out with the removal of plugs and chlorination of water.
Upon completion of field work, we disassemble the irrigation system, thoroughly rinse and dry it in preparation for work next year.
Automated drip irrigation
Advanced masters have learned how to set up drip irrigation automation using:
Minicomputer processor, solenoid valves, sensors for humidity, temperature, working pressure level, single or multi-channel controllers;
the timer installed on the water supply pump, with its help, the time for supplying and turning off water is regulated.
The minicomputer configures up to 12 individual water supply modes for each branch of the irrigation distribution in the area. The volume of water in the system is regulated taking into account the automatic analysis of incoming information from temperature and humidity sensors. Programmable controllers are installed at the inlet to the irrigation system after the valve cock and on the wiring at the points of connection of drip tapes or special seamless pipes. They automatically command the installed solenoid valves to turn irrigation on and off.
Automatic drip irrigation systems significantly reduce the need to use water, the time for observation and care of the beds.
The main advantages of using a homemade drip system
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation from improvised means significantly saves financial resources on the purchase of the necessary materials and equipment. The second plus is the quick possibility of replacing a damaged part of the system with a spare one: a craftsman who has built drip irrigation on his site will quickly see its weak points and repair them using the available spare materials (or purchase them in already familiar places of sale).
General Benefits of Homemade Drip Irrigation
Beneficial effect on plants. Moisture enters pointwise under the roots, without clogging the soil, without creating a crust. Overmoistening is excluded, the roots breathe intensively throughout the entire cycle of growth and ripening of fruits, vegetables and berries. Plants are not injured, unlike when a significant stream of water hits them from above during sprinkling.
Significant savings in water consumption, reduction of wear and clogging with impurities, slime of the irrigation system.
Reduced crop losses from pests and diseases. Fungicides, insecticides, and other means of protection applied to the leaves during processing are not washed off with running water during irrigation.
Drip tapes are conveniently located even in areas with uneven terrain, the formation of puddles in some places and drought in other beds are not allowed.
Weeds grow less because they do not receive water. In places where they grow, the soil remains dry.
Uniform point flow of water to the roots with a temperature close to the soil temperature ensures stable yields in the beds.
Have patience and skill, make your own drip system in your backyard. Save labor costs and water consumption in the future, enjoy a good harvest!
Today, the most popular irrigation option on suburban area is drip irrigation. Water enters directly under the roots of plants, so this system allows you to save on water consumption, facilitate the labor-intensive process of irrigation and increase yields. This irrigation option can be purchased as a ready-made kit or made independently. Do-it-yourself drip irrigation for summer cottages at no cost: do-it-yourself system from improvised materials.
Drip irrigation is a system of regular and uniform moisture supply to the root system of plants, which helps to moisten the soil directly under the plantation. This type of irrigation saves a lot of water. The soil does not become excessively waterlogged and does not become waterlogged between rows, as is the case with other water supply options. This contributes to the active supply of oxygen to the root system, which has a beneficial effect on plant growth, thereby increasing productivity.
The drip irrigation system reduces the labor intensity of caring for green crops. And with an automated process, you can leave the area unattended for several days without worrying that the plants will be left without water.
The set can be very varied. But any system includes main pipelines for the supply and distribution of water and branch branches that supply water directly to the root system of each green space. The system is connected to a centralized water supply, storage tank (gravity-flow option) or to a pumping station. It can be equipped with automation, sometimes it is controlled manually. Depending on these criteria, components of the system are selected.
Components of the irrigation system and their characteristics
The main element of the system is the source of water supply. It can be represented by a water supply system, a well or a water metering tank, which is installed at a height of at least 1.5 m. The next mandatory element is a do-it-yourself drip irrigation filter, thanks to which the system will not be clogged with various small debris.
The device can be vortex, disk or mesh. The latter option is considered more popular due to its low cost. The vortex filter is used for irrigation systems of large areas. The disc element is characterized by excellent operational characteristics and high cost, which is not at all justified for small summer cottages.
If the source of water supply is a well or a well, the system must be equipped with a pumping unit. The most appropriate option is the centrifugal type of device. Do-it-yourself drip irrigation distribution network consists of pipelines and hoses. For the main backbone network, metal or plastic pipes can be used. Metal products are durable, reliable and durable. However, the material is subject to corrosion, which will result in damage to the system.
Polyethylene or polypropylene pipelines are a more acceptable option. Products are characterized by strength, smooth inner wall, which eliminates the possibility of deposits inside the system. Plastic pipes are able to withstand temperature fluctuations and the negative effects of aggressive substances.
Do-it-yourself drip tapes for an irrigation system
To organize taps to each row, drip tapes in the form of a flat thin-walled tube are mainly used when arranging an irrigation system with their own hands, in which special devices for supplying water are built inside. The tape is designed for pressure up to 1 bar. When it is increased, the product may break. The maximum tape length is 100 m.
You can buy drip tape slotted or emitter. In the first version, a labyrinth is located along the entire length of the product, which distributes water evenly. At certain distances, holes are made in it for the release of water. This type of tape is prone to clogging, so it requires a good filter.
Inside the emitter tape there are flat droppers equipped with a labyrinth system, thanks to which water is supplied to the plants. Emitters can be located at different distances in the range of 10-35 cm, which is determined by the type of crops being irrigated. The lower this value, the higher the cost of the product. The emitter tape is more reliable than the slotted tape, and this is reflected in the cost of the product.
When choosing a tape, you should pay attention to its thickness, which affects the strength and durability of the product. The thinnest element will last no more than one season and is suitable exclusively for greenhouses.
Features of using drip tubes with external droppers
The drip tube is made of HDPE, it is rigid and durable. It is produced without holes and is designed for self-assembly of external droppers. The wall thickness of the product is 0.9-1.2 mm. The material is UV resistant. The drip tube is capable of withstanding pressures up to 6 bar.
External droppers are used when organizing drip irrigation in the country individually for each plant. To ensure the normal operation of the system, it is necessary to have a high pressure in the network. These devices can be connected through thin hoses or connected directly to the drip pipe.
There are several types of external droppers. Compensated ones are used for uniform irrigation with a very long drip tape, as well as in areas with a slope. They work exclusively from a pressure system. Less prone to pollution by fine debris. Uncompensated devices are used with a short length of the drip pipe and on flat areas. This option is used for gravity systems from the tank. They can operate at low network pressure. There are also dropper pegs that are used for spot irrigation. The product is installed in the root zone of planting.
Useful advice! For drip irrigation of tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and peppers, it is advisable to use drip tubes with external droppers.
The advantage of such pipes is that you can independently choose the installation step and adjust the volume of water produced. The disadvantages include the high cost of the product (compared to drip tapes), the laborious and lengthy process of cleaning droppers.
How to choose the right timers for drip irrigation
When arranging drip irrigation, you should set a timer. It performs the following functions:
- controls the irrigation system;
- controls the operation of the pump motor;
- starts and stops the water supply;
- ensures the operation of several lines at the same time.
The timer is battery operated. When they change, all programs on it are saved. The device may be equipped with the . There are mechanical and electronic timers. The first option works on a spring, providing continuous watering up to 24 hours. Mode adjustment is made manually. Any action cannot be programmed for an indefinite time. Such a device can be used for small areas where the irrigation process is constantly controlled by the owner.
The electronic timer allows you to program the process. The device has mechanical or software control. The first option is set for one week with a watering duration of no more than 2 hours. An innovative device is a software-controlled timer with 16 commands. With it, you can irrigate crops that have different irrigation regimes. The equipment is equipped with an air humidity sensor. Such an expensive option (in comparison with other devices) is recommended to be installed for irrigation of large areas, as well as in greenhouses.
If the system is connected to a centralized water conduit or pump, you should choose a device with a solenoid valve, and for gravity watering from a barrel - with a ball valve.
How to make drip irrigation with your own hands from plastic pipes and hoses
When arranging a drip irrigation system from ready-made components, it is necessary to opt exclusively for high-quality products so that it lasts for many years and money is not wasted. The irrigation scheme should be fairly simple, with a minimum number of connectors. At the junction of the elements, the pressure weakens, which contributes to the accumulation of small particles of debris.
The installation of the system is preceded by the creation of a layout of all its constituent elements, and this, in turn, depends on the layout of the site and the location of the beds. The diagram should indicate the source of water supply, the main pipe and outlet hoses so that you can calculate the amount of materials needed. As a source of water supply for drip irrigation, it is better to use a plastic barrel. This material does not corrode, which will not only increase the service life of the product, but also eliminate the possibility of clogging the system with rust particles.
A main pipeline is connected to the water supply source, which can be made of metal or plastic. A more preferable option is to lay drip irrigation from polypropylene pipes with your own hands. The main branch is located perpendicular to the beds and has a larger diameter than the outlet pipelines. All elements of drip irrigation with their own hands from plastic pipes are connected by compression fittings. After the shut-off valve of the water supply source, a coarse filter is installed on the main line.
If drip tapes are used as outlet pipelines, then holes are drilled in the line for their fastening with the help of starting fittings. The hoses are located as close as possible to the row with the plants. A cap is installed at the end of each tape. Next, the system is tested for operability.
If an underground variant of laying the system is planned, it is necessary to dig a trench 30-70 cm deep under the pipelines. It is necessary to fill the bottom with a layer of crushed stone and lay the mounted system. Next, it is tested, after which it is backfilled with soil. You can study the installation process in detail on the video of drip irrigation in the country.
Important! Drip irrigation pipes laid underground are highly susceptible to clogging.
Drip irrigation from plastic bottles: features of the irrigation option
From plastic bottles and canisters, you can make not only decorative elements for ennobling the territory. Of these, a full-fledged drip irrigation system is organized at their summer cottage, which makes it possible to ensure soil moisture for 3-4 days.
Based on numerous reviews, it is advisable to make drip irrigation from plastic bottles from containers up to 2.5 liters. Soil water saturation depends on the type of soil, this determines the number of holes in the container, due to which sufficient moisture will be ensured, which will eliminate the possibility of overfilling or underfilling. For example, sandy soils absorb moisture well. In this case, 1-2 holes in the bottle will be enough, and for heavy soils, more of them should be provided. Bottles with a capacity of 1 liter drip irrigation of cucumbers and tomatoes is provided for 4-5 days, 3 liters - 10 days, 6 liters - for 14-15 days.
Drip irrigation using plastic containers is advisable to organize in small areas. For vast territories, it will take too much effort and time to refill the container with water.
Useful advice! The plastic system can be used to feed and fertilize various crops.
The main advantages of creating drip irrigation from plastic containers:
- significant water savings;
- minimum financial costs for the organization of the system;
- individual approach to each green space;
- simple installation, operation and maintenance;
- targeted supply of moisture and nutrition.
Related article:
The choice of pipe material for the organization of watering and irrigation. Key points of installing the system with your own hands.
Among the shortcomings of the system, the following positions can be distinguished:
- frequent clogging of the system due to the inability to install a filter;
- unaesthetic appearance of the site;
- constant replenishment of water supply manually;
- on hot days of a hot summer, the plastic system may not be able to cope with the full water supply of plants.
Useful advice! You can create a filter for each bottle by using nylon tights.
Ways to organize drip irrigation from plastic bottles with your own hands
There are several ways to create drip irrigation from plastic containers. The system can carry out surface and subsoil irrigation.
Underground homemade drip irrigation of the roots using plastic bottles can be done in several ways. The most popular option is to dig in containers between adjacent bushes to a depth of 10-15 cm, bottom down. Along the entire bottle, before it begins to narrow to the neck, it should be made with a gypsy needle or awl holes, stepping back 3 cm from the bottom of the container. The number of holes on average is 10-12 pcs. for containers in 2 l. A container wrapped in a thin cloth is dug into a previously prepared hole, filled with water and closed with a lid.
The container, as it is emptied, which occurs under the pressure of the earth, can be deformed. To avoid this, a pressure equalization hole should be pierced in the lid, and water supplies should be replenished in a timely manner.
Another similar option is the location of the container with the lid down. For this method, it is necessary to cut off the bottom of the bottle and screw the cap onto the neck. Holes are made over the entire area of the container, not reaching the top by 2-3 cm. The bottle, previously wrapped with gauze, is placed in the hole and filled with water. To prevent debris from falling into the water, the container is covered from above with a previously cut bottom.
Do-it-yourself subsoil drip irrigation for summer cottages can be organized using special elongated nozzles with holes. They can be bought in specialized stores for summer residents and gardeners. The nozzle is screwed onto the neck of the container instead of the lid. In this case, bottles up to 2.5 liters should be used, since there are no such devices for containers of 5-6 liters. The bottle neck down is inserted into the ground to the depth of the nozzle. The bottom of the container can not be cut off. After emptying the container, the tip is unscrewed, it is filled with water, and the manipulation is repeated.
Do-it-yourself root and surface drip irrigation from bottles
With the help of plastic containers, it is possible to carry out basal drip irrigation of the garden by directing drops of water directly under the root of each plant. For this method, it is better to choose a container with a volume of 1.5 liters. A hole is made in the central part of the lid with a nail. Next, cut the bottom of the bottle at an angle of 30-40 degrees. The container itself will be located under the same slope relative to the ground. The container is fixed with a few sticks and tape as close to the bush as possible, tilting the neck in such a way as to ensure that water enters directly under the rhizome.
Another option, which is often used in a greenhouse, involves watering the plant at some distance. To do this, take a container of small volume and a regular ballpoint pen, previously cleaned of the remnants of the paste with gasoline or thinner. One end of it is tightly closed with a toothpick or a match. The other is inserted into the opening of the bottle. The junction is best sealed with plasticine.
From plastic bottles can be basal and superficial
It is necessary to make holes in the rod, the number and size of which will depend on the required moisture intensity. It goes under the root of the plant, depending on which the bottle is dug into the ground to the desired depth. The container is filled with water and closed with a lid.
For a small area, you can make a suspension system. To do this, a support is constructed above the bushes, a metal rod or wire is stretched, to which the bottles will be hung. A number of small holes should be made in the bottom or lid of the container, depending on the variant of its location. The main advantage of this method is that the water to the plant will be warm due to the fact that it is heated by the sun.
The container is hung over the bed at a height of 30-50 cm from ground level. The location of the bottle should be chosen based on the optimal fall of drops under the plant, and not on its leaves.
Useful advice! Do not immediately make a lot of holes. They can be added as needed to increase water intake.
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation to give at no cost: do it yourself from medical droppers
Another economical option is to install a drip irrigation system from medical droppers. It is rational to arrange it in areas with different varieties of crops, which should be watered in different quantities. This procedure becomes possible due to the fact that the droppers are equipped with special control wheels that allow you to select the required intensity of fluid intake. The disadvantage of such a system is the rapid clogging of droppers, which requires periodic flushing.
To create with your own hands drip system watering should be prepared:
- medical disposable droppers;
- hoses for distribution to the beds of water;
- connecting and shut-off valves for droppers and hoses.
Useful advice! All components are recommended to choose a dark color, which will prevent the blooming of water in the system.
Before installing such a device, a drip irrigation scheme should be displayed on a piece of paper, which is performed based on the location of the beds where irrigation should be provided. Based on this, surface wiring of the supply pipes is carried out on the site. To do this, you can use polyethylene or rubber products. The connection of all elements is carried out using tees. A plug must be installed at the end of each hose.
The system can be connected from a centralized water supply or from a storage tank located at a certain height. Also in this case, you can create by installing a timer or controller at the beginning of the system. A hole is made in the distribution pipes opposite each plant, where the plastic end of the dropper is inserted. Tubes of elements are bred under each bush.
Useful advice! In order for the drip irrigation system from medical droppers to last as long as possible, a fine filter should be installed at the very beginning (after the water supply source).
Overview of ready-made drip irrigation systems, their characteristics
The drip irrigation system "Beetle" from a domestic manufacturer is one of the most popular among gardeners. It can be connected to a centralized water supply or to a storage tank. In the case of using the latter option, the kit includes a level tube, through which you can control the amount of water remaining in the barrel. Manufacturers produce "Zhuk" drip irrigation systems for 60 plants and 30 plantations. Usually the device is equipped with a timer and a filter. You can additionally buy drip irrigation "Beetle", designed for 20 plants.
Irrigation kits "Drop" are equipped with emitter tapes with a dropper pitch of 0.3 m. Due to the complex labyrinth of channels inside the dropper, the possibility of its clogging is excluded. The system is designed for an area of 25 m2. It can be connected both to the water supply and to the storage tank. The controller is not included in the set.
A more reliable analogue of the Zhuk irrigation system is the Water Strider model, which is designed for drip irrigation of small greenhouses. The set consists of a 12 m hose, a controller, 40 drippers and connectors. The system is organized for irrigation exclusively from the tank, since the operating pressure in the network should not exceed 1 bar. The barrel is most often located at a height of 50 m.
The Belarusian drip irrigation system "Akvadusya" has several varieties suitable for irrigating areas of different sizes. It can be equipped with a controller or without it, connected to a water supply or storage tank.
Drip irrigation "Harvest" -1 is also produced with emitter tapes of great length. The system can be additionally equipped with a filter and automation. Another budget option is the Tomato drip irrigation system with drip tubes, external droppers and a timer. The kit also includes special splitters that facilitate the installation of the system. The most expensive model includes a controller and a submersible pump.
The Istok irrigation system includes a 25 m drip tube with a spacing of 30 cm between the droppers. The device is equipped with a filter and fittings necessary for connecting to a storage tank. Some models are equipped with a controller and a pump.
Today you can buy a drip irrigation system, which includes all possible elements. But such a solution requires significant financial costs. A more economical option is to create such a mechanism from ready-made components. In addition, you can make your own irrigation system from improvised materials, such as plastic bottles and medical droppers. The choice depends on the nature of the territory, its area, the number and type of green spaces, personal preferences and the financial capacity of the owner.
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation in the country: video plot
