Cabinetmaker. In 1921 he became one of the founders of the Communist...
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the KOPE standard series has been widely used for building new microdistricts in Moscow. The name of the series comes from the technology used - layout space-planning elements (KOPE). It is quite simple to identify a house of this series: an original design, an attractive facade, a large number of floors.
The introduction of a standard project into life began in the early 80s, and continues to this day. However, the standard series has undergone changes, today there are 6 modifications of the project:
The first two series are considered original, the outer walls consist of protruding panel ribs, the end walls are blank, the balconies and loggias are plastered in white, and the rest of the outer walls are lined with brown tiles. Residential building series KOPE-80,85 consists of 22 floors. The KOPE-2000 house differs from the original series in its façade cladding. Decorated with large dark brown tiles. In the KOPE-87 series, not only the facade has been modified, but also the internal layout of the apartments: the distance between the load-bearing walls has been expanded. The main difference between the last two modifications is the exterior decoration; these houses are difficult to distinguish from post-Soviet buildings.
- Planning solution: Panel houses from KOPE space-planning elements of ordinary and rotary sections with 1,2,3,4-room apartments
- Number of floors of houses of the KOPE series: 12, 16, 18, 22 floors
- Height of living quarters: 2.64 m
- Technical premises: Technical underground and attic for engineering communications
- Elevators: Two passenger lifts with a capacity of 400 kg. And one or two cargo-passenger with a carrying capacity of 630kg
- Structural solutions: Wall system with longitudinal and transverse load-bearing walls
- Exterior walls: Three-layer hinged panels with effective insulation, wall thickness 300 mm, most often lined with finely dispersed facade tiles
- Internal bearing walls: Reinforced concrete, 140, 180, 220 mm thick
- Partitions: Gypsum concrete, 80 mm thick
- Ceilings: Reinforced concrete panels, 140mm thick
- Balconies: In all apartments (since 1986). In the early modification of KOPE-80 (built from 1981 to 1985), one-room and some two-room apartments had no balconies. Since 2002 (modification KOPE-2000) balconies are glazed by the developer
- The prospect of demolition: Houses of the KOPE series are not subject to demolition
- Bathrooms: Separate in all apartments. Bathtubs: standard, 170 cm long
- Stairs: Smoke-free, with exits to a fire-prevention common balcony
- Ventilation: Natural exhaust through ventilation units in the bathroom and in the kitchen
- Garbage chute: With loading valves on each floor
- Roof type: Flat with roll coating and internal drain
Features of serial houses of the KOPE project
Innovative technology for the construction of apartment buildings allows you to design non-standard sections on the floor with a different number of apartments on the site. The outer walls are made of protruding panels, which provide an improved seam connection. A peculiar connection of concrete blocks allows you to build a house with an individual architecture, for example, a one-section structure or a house with a variable number of floors. Concrete panels of external walls consist of three layers, expanded polystyrene (insulation) is laid between the two panels.
Each section of the house has access to a smoke-free staircase through a shared balcony. There are three elevators in the entrances - two passenger and cargo.
The advantages of the design include improved thermal insulation, which has already been mentioned, as well as an automatic smoke exhaust system. In apartments of the KOPE-2000 standard series, copper wiring is laid, heating devices are equipped with temperature controllers, metal-plastic double-glazed windows are installed in window openings. Houses of the KOPE series are connected to central heating, the exhaust system is of a natural type in the kitchen and bathrooms.
The houses have a garbage chute with a loading hatch on each floor.
The KOPE series consists of one-, two- and three-room apartments in each section. In modern versions KOPE Tower and KOPE Sail, there are four and six-room apartments, with a total area of 100 and 130 m 2 respectively. There are usually 4 apartments on each floor, but sometimes there are projects with 2, 7, 8 and 12 apartments on the site. The layout of the apartments is considered successful. The rooms are isolated from each other, the bathrooms are separate with a transverse bath. The apartments have balconies, remote-type balconies. The apartment hall strikes the eye with an impressive area. The ceilings in the room are high - 2.64 meters. Residents are pleased with the increased kitchen area. Regardless of the number of rooms in the apartment, the kitchen here has an area of at least 10 m 2.
Main disadvantage typical series - the impossibility of redevelopment. The problem is that the inner walls of the apartments are load-bearing, so demolition is strictly prohibited. Otherwise, the integrity of the whole house is violated, and, therefore, the safety of the residents. It is possible to change the layout of apartments if you connect two neighboring apartments, for example, one-room and 3-room apartments.
House type: panel.
Planning solution: consists of ordinary four-apartment and corner semi-apartment sections with 1,2,3,4 room apartments.
Floors: 17, 22 floors.
Ceiling height: 2.64 m
Technical buildings: technical underground and attic for engineering communications.
Elevators: two - passenger and cargo-passenger with a carrying capacity of 400 kg and 630 kg.
Building construction: external walls - three-layer panels 300 mm thick, internal - reinforced concrete 140 and 180 mm thick, partitions 80 mm, reinforced concrete floors 140 mm thick.
Heating: central, water.
Ventilation: natural exhaust in the bathroom in the kitchen.
Water supply: cold and hot water from the city network.
Garbage disposal: garbage chute with loading valves on each floor.
Layout schemes for a one-room apartment KOPE series:
KOPE series layout with dimensions 1-room apartment
Layout schemes for a two-room apartment KOPE series:
KOPE series layout with dimensions 2-room apartment
Layout schemes for a three-room apartment KOPE series:
KOPE series layout with dimensions 3-room apartment
Layout schemes for a four-room apartment KOPE series:
KOPE series layout with dimensions 4-room apartment
OPTIONS FOR RE-PLANNING OF THE KOPE SERIES
Option for redevelopment of a one-room apartment of the KOPE series
Variant of redevelopment of a two-room apartment of the KOPE series
Variant of redevelopment of a three-room apartment of the KOPE series
Planning after reconstruction
It is no secret that architects are reluctant to re-plan an apartment in a serial reinforced concrete panel house, where the internal interior walls 14-18 cm thick are load-bearing. Such structures are extremely vulnerable to any interference in the integrity of the walls, and, therefore, in the entire supporting structure of the building.
You can object: to the left and to the right in Moscow and beyond in panel houses, load-bearing walls are partially demolished, huge arches and doorways are arranged in them. Yes, of course, this is real, but subject to at least three conditions.
- Your apartment is located on the upper floors, where the load on the load-bearing internal walls is minimal.
- It is necessary to involve an experienced structural engineer who, after conducting surveys and determining the type of reinforcement of the internal walls, will determine special measures to ensure that the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the building are fully preserved. All this should be documented and provided with drawings, according to which skilled workers will work. Let's make a reservation right away: an architect and, moreover, a designer (who does not have the appropriate technical education) should not act as an engineer.
- Coordination in official instances (this applies to redevelopment in all types of buildings and structures). Each agreement requires a lot of personal time, energy, and most importantly - a lot of money.
The second and third conditions are easier to fulfill with the help of "professionals", but this will significantly increase the already large amount. In short, redevelopment of this kind is a "pleasure" for wealthy people. The unauthorized decision to punch openings in the capital walls and your personal "repair and construction initiative" can lead to the most unpredictable and unpleasant consequences, up to litigation. Which, in turn, will entail quite predictable consequences.
There are several options for redevelopment of the apartment, appropriate for a family of two, three or four people. At the same time, the author will not refer to specific finishing materials and give instructions on the selection of furniture, since he has set himself the task of zoning a typical apartment.
All the "play of lines" on the presented plans, the conjugation of various materials is not the only right decision and will not always be commented on. The reader has the right to mentally erase the author's "tricks", leaving only what, in his strict opinion, has a rational grain and can be useful. The same applies to furniture and its arrangement. The proposed wardrobes can be replaced by wardrobes, old-fashioned walls, a sofa bed just on a bed, kitchen tables on traditional corners.
The reader is also invited to creatively approach the solution of redevelopment and become a co-author in this important issue. To get started, take scissors and cut the plans into components: kitchens, bathrooms, living rooms, children's rooms, bedrooms and hallways. Stick the most beloved parts from different layouts on a pre-prepared scheme. Armed with colored pencils and paints, you can paint the walls, floors and furniture in your usual colors. Remove the remaining scraps of magazine pages from the table.
And if on your "mosaic" there are three bedrooms, without an entrance hall and a living room, this also has the right to life. Especially if life itself demands it. The main thing - do not forget about the need for a kitchen and a bathroom.
The reader will agree that he has great opportunities for independent work with furniture, floors, walls. But the manipulations with the ceiling are hampered by reasons that go deep into domestic and world history, political, economic, social and God knows what else, mysteriously resulted in the decision of individual officials who determined the height of your apartment at 2 m 65 cm as sufficient. In a word, the ceiling is too small for large height differences with fashionable built-in halogen lamps.
I think the reader will decide whether it is possible to "work" with ceilings on their own. By the way, the author himself was born, raised, brought up and educated with ceilings of 2 m 50 cm.
Summing up what has been said, we note that if one of the readers uses some of the ideas of sloping walls, draped openings, bedside tables, Suprematist parquet patterns, the author will be flattered and happy for himself, you and your renovated apartment.
The original layout of the apartment
Emphasis on columns
Decorative columns along the wall unite the living room and hallway into a single stylistic space. Columns can also carry a functional load, for example, glass or any other shelves can be attached to them. The curved line of ceramic tiles and parquet, being, of course, a decorative element, brings an additional effect. The wardrobe for outerwear in the hallway is combined with a wardrobe in the children's room, so you can arrange a mezzanine or horizontal bar above the door.
Two families in one apartment
Option for a young family living with parents.
To save space, the newlyweds can use not a stationary double bed, but a collapsible sofa. The elongated shape of the bedroom makes it possible to arrange a small dressing room (dressing room), which is essentially an enlarged closet, allowing you not to purchase bulky cabinet furniture. Instead of traditional doors (to save money and create a certain style), draperies are sometimes used. In such a dressing room they store not only clothes, but also things necessary in everyday life.
Planning after reconstruction Everything for guests
Suppose that only two people live in this apartment, with whom guests often stay late. Then one of the rooms could be a guest bedroom. The corner sofa in the room unfolds to the size of an impressive bed. If the interior of the room is decided in the general style, it could be part of the living room. The bedroom is divided approximately into two equal parts by glazed sliding panels. The floor level in the sleeping compartment is raised by 15-20 cm and covered with soft carpet. The bed replaces a large mattress, littered in a picturesque mess with all sorts of pillows, bringing a certain bohemian touch to the interior. The presence of sliding panels in the bedroom allows you to use part of the room during large parties.
Planning after reconstruction Living room in back room
Consider the option of placing the living room in the back room. It is conditionally divided by a bar counter, a low long pedestal or a stained-glass window. The bedroom offers a traditional "wall". In the children's room, to save space, cabinet furniture can be placed along one of the walls. Children's walls - designers with various types of built-in beds, cabinets and shelves make it possible to compactly place the necessary furniture, as well as sports and game elements. The furniture you choose can fit into the overall color of the apartment, or, conversely, create your own special world.
Planning after reconstruction For a family with two children
This and the next option is recommended to pay attention to parents who have two small children. The wardrobe divides the children's room into a sleeping area, consisting of two beds located one above the other, and an area for activities and games. A mezzanine could be located above the vestibule in the sleeping area. Let's fantasize together and suppose that you have found an opportunity to break an opening in the load-bearing wall between the kitchen and the living room in the form of a small distribution window (which is easier to do from a constructive point of view). You can install a dining table in the opening and, depending on your mood, quickly move it from the kitchen to the living room and vice versa.
Planning after reconstruction Everyone to the theatre!
The living room is separated from the hallway by picturesque curtains, reminiscent of a theatrical curtain. The circle of parquet creates the impression of unity between the living room and the neighboring rooms. In the children's room, chair-beds can be separated by a decorative wall or screen. The arrangement of desks has different options, but it is better to take care of natural light. The bathroom on this layout is divided. The bathroom is large, no shower. Built into the niche washing machine over which you can install shelves or a wall cabinet. The floor in the kitchen will look more interesting if part of it is made of ceramic tiles, and the other part is made of parquet with inserts of the same tiles.
Planning after reconstruction flowing space
The new solution is based on the use of curvilinear partitions and suspended ceilings, as well as on rounding the rectangular outlines of the walls by hemming false plasterboard walls. Such techniques allow you to create an interesting, soft-lined interior and, in addition, reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe corridors.
Apartment for two adults.
It is proposed to divide the space of the apartment into two zones - residential (living room, bedroom) and auxiliary (hall, kitchen, dining room and bathroom). The corridor leading from the hall to the kitchen is eliminated, and due to this, a large combined bathroom is formed - 8.9 m 2 (instead of 4 m 2 according to the typical layout).
The living area of the apartment is reduced. In place of the nursery there is a dining room connected by a portal to the kitchen. In this case, it is necessary to break through an additional opening in the main wall, which requires coordination and permission. The dining room is now accessed directly from the hall, the two spaces are separated only by a closet that closes the front door. However, part of the opening is free, and this allows not only to visually connect both rooms, but also to let in natural light into the hallway. In the hall, opposite the window, it is recommended to install a mirror that will visually enlarge the room.
The bedroom at the back of the apartment is the most isolated room. It is divided into two parts - the closet area and the bedroom itself. An angled bed gives the space a certain dynamic. The division into zones is also emphasized by various types of floor coverings (parquet board and carpet), as well as by a difference in ceiling heights.
The living room in the apartment is small, part of it is occupied by an oval corridor from the hall to the bedroom. In the solution of the corridor, a lowering of the ceiling was also used. For comfort in the living room, it is appropriate to place a corner sofa and an electric fireplace.
The proposed solutions for redevelopment of the apartment (free flow of space with a minimum of doors) and relatively inexpensive finishing materials (tiles, drywall, carpet) only slightly increase the cost of finishing work compared to a typical solution. The second option is more time-consuming due to punching the opening, but it allows you to use the area of the apartment almost completely.
Planning after reconstruction Let's change the corner to an oval!
The apartment is designed for a family of two adults and one teenager.
During redevelopment, only existing partitions are removed, it is not supposed to punch openings in the main walls. The functional zoning of the apartment is changing. In its central part, on the site of the former nursery, there is a kitchen, the area of which in this case increases from 10 to 13 m 2. The kitchen is separated from the hallway by a built-in closet, a cylindrical kitchen cabinet and an arch lined with drywall.
Moving the kitchen allows you to significantly increase the front of the kitchen furniture by placing cabinets under the window. Furniture can give a special originality to the room - a pear-shaped table with a vertical metal stand in the center, on which round metal baskets are strung. In order to hide the sewer drain pipe from the kitchen sink and provide the required drain from other plumbing fixtures, the floor level in the bathroom and the corridor leading to the nursery is raised by one step (H = 0.15 from the u.ch.p.).
During redevelopment, it is proposed to make the bathroom combined (its area will increase from 4 m 2 to 6.6 m 2). Now here you can place a corner bath, bidet, toilet, washbasin and washing machine.
The nursery, located on the site of the former kitchen, is isolated from the rest of the apartment and has access to a balcony.
The living room is connected to the hall by a curvilinear corridor. This line is continued by an oval false ceiling above the dining area and rounded outlines of the tile borders on the floor. The end wall of the living room is also shaped into an oval by hemming a false plasterboard wall. The division of the room into two zones (dining room and recreation area) is emphasized by the use of various kinds coatings - ceramic tiles and carpets.
The "highlight" of the interior of the bedroom, along with the rounded wall, is the porthole window, which allows you to illuminate the corridor and create a "ship" mood. The nautical theme in the bedroom can be continued by horizontally striped walls and other interior details.
Planning after reconstruction Conclusion. When using identical finishing materials in apartment TP (typical layout), A ("Flowing space") and B ("Let's replace the corner with a square") proposals, their cost will be approximately the same amount: $ 7,600; $6800; $6500.
If we conditionally accept the cost of finishing work as the same (although it varies in different construction companies), then the rise in price will occur due to:
- Demolition of barriers.
- Hole punches (A).
- Podium organization. B
- Construction of new GK partitions and suspended ceilings.
| Decoration Materials | Prices in $/m2 | Area, m2 | Total cost of materials, $ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP | BUT | AT | TP | BUT | AT | ||
| Wall/floor tiles | 25/30 | 32/25 | 33/23 | 25/50 | 800/750 | 825/690 | 625/1500 |
| carpet | 10 | 25 | 12 | 37 | 250 | 120 | 370 |
| Parquet board TARKETT | 45 | 26 | 42 | - | 1170 | 1890 | - |
| Paint "TIKKURILA" | 10 | 226 | 195 | 199 | 450 | 390 | 400 |
| Doors single/hinged | 300/800 | 51 | 1/1 | 3/- | 1500/800 | 300/800 | 900 |
| porthole window | 250 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 250 |
| Built-in cabinets | 200 | 9 | 6 | 13 | 1800 | 1240 | 2600 |
| Suspended ceiling in the bathroom | 30 | 4 | 8.9 | 6.6 | 120 | 267 | 198 |
| Plasterboard walls/ceilings | 8,4/3,2 | - | 15/12 | 21/10 | - | 126/36 | 177/32 |
| Works | |||||||
| Demolition of partitions | 7 | - | 26 | 26 | - | 182 | 182 |
| hole punching | 250 | - | 2.5 | - | - | 625 | - |
| Organization of the podium | 40 | - | - | 8 | - | - | 320 |
| The construction of partitions | 19 | - | 27 | 31 | - | 513 | 589 |
Information technology - in life!
Communications, information networks, communications, radio waves envelop in a giant web and unite different cities, objects that are completely different in style and function. The apartment is both a mirror and the focus of all these modern trends.
A person cannot exist in an information blockade. He needs all means of communication and information: telephone, fax, computer, audio system, radio, satellite antenna and finally TV. The TV occupies a central place in a modern house, the whole family and friends gather around it, it becomes a kind of semantic dominant of the home. An acoustic quad system is placed around. Everything is networked with an audio system and further - with a computer, a satellite receiver, etc. ad infinitum. A person lives inside an information and communication network. "Sterile" (and even then not always) remains only a recreation area - a bedroom.
The interior uses high-tech materials of the latest generation: metal structures, synthesized materials, fiber optic wires, fiber optic lamps, HI-END audio-video equipment, sound-reflecting coating on the walls, as well as decorative elements symbolizing life at a new stage of civilization.
Planning after reconstruction Grandmaster castling
This option is based on a complete change in the functional purpose of the premises of the apartment. The kitchen and bathroom are swapped. This allows you to organize a kind of wellness complex with a hot tub-steam bath and an exercise machine, which is proposed to be placed on a glazed and insulated balcony. The kitchen acquires a utilitarian-functional value and is used only for cooking. A full-fledged dining room is being organized in the former "children's room", and in the space formed as a result of redevelopment there is a living room with a place for a TV. The entrance hall is separated from the dining room by a functional glass block partition, which at the same time hides the opening of the apartment's front door and creates the feeling of a large intertwined space. A comprehensive redevelopment of the premises allows you to get a single space of the living room, dining room, hallway and kitchen, which defines the apartment as a kind of "studio". The sleeping quarters are planned traditionally, however, the bedroom is located in the "living room", and the nursery in the "bedroom", which is dictated by the general planning decision.
The implementation of this option will require quite serious structural changes, however, with a properly performed reinforcement of the formed piers, the bearing capacity of the walls will remain within the required limits.
Planning after reconstruction "I know, Jimmy, you wanted to be a pirate..."
| Finished surfaces | Name of premises | Materials and types of work |
|---|---|---|
| Floor | living rooms | Lacquer glossy (Finnish); parquet TARKETT laminated ($ 28 - 1 m 2); Chipboard on screws; mastic or end nails; plinth (plastic) |
| Hallway | Existing overlap; leveling c. n. coupler; ceramic tiles ($ 20 - 1 m 2); carpet ($ 16 - 1 m 2) | |
| bathroom kitchen | Existing overlap; waterproofing (roofing material on mastic) with access to walls up to 200 mm; leveling c. n. coupler; ceramic tiles ($ 20 - 1 m 2); grout (Finnish) | |
| Existing walls and partitions | living rooms | Plaster, putty; primer; paper wallpaper ($9 - roll 1050 51 cm) |
| bathroom kitchen | Plaster; putty; ceramic tiles on mastic produced in the Czech Republic ($ 22 - 1 m 2); grout (Finnish) | |
| Partitions erected | living rooms | foam concrete; putty; primer; vinyl wallpaper ($14 - roll 1050 51cm) |
| bathroom kitchen | foam concrete; waterproofing; putty; ceramic tiles on mastic produced in the Czech Republic ($ 12 - 1 m 2); grout (Finnish) | |
| Hallway | Partitions from double-glazed windows ($ 300 - 1 m 2) | |
| doors | Input | Metal standard ($ 450 - 1 pc.) |
| Interroom | Wooden, smooth, with fittings and platbands ($ 350 - 1 pc.) | |
| window sills | Postforming ($ 120 - 1 plate 300 80 cm) | |
| Window | Metal-plastic ($ 210 - 1 m 2) | |
| ceilings | Living rooms, kitchen | Dry plaster (with overlap), putty; primer; painting 2-3 layers |
| bathroom | Suspended metal ceiling ($ 38 - 1 m 2) | |
| Electrician | Conclusions under the chandeliers; conclusions under the sconce; output of internal halogen lighting in suspended ceilings; electrical sockets ($12 - 1 piece) | |
| Weak currents | Telephone sockets ($8 - 1 piece) | |
| Water supply and sewerage | Replacement of water pipes | |
| Heating | Replacement of radiators ($70-80 pieces) |
Wall material: panel
Number of sections (entrances): 2-6
Number of floors: 12-23, the most common options are 18, 22
Ceiling height: 2.66 m.
Elevators: 2 cargo-passenger and 1 passenger
Balconies: loggias and/or balconies in all apartments (KOPE-85, KOPE-2000). In the early modification of KOPE-80, 1-room and some 2-room apartments do not have balconies. In KOPE-2000 (since 2002), the balconies are glazed, the windows have plastic double-glazed windows
Number of apartments per floor: 4 (in separate buildings - 2, 8, 12)
Years of construction: from 1981 to present. time
Areas for the construction of panel houses of the KOPE type series in Moscow: Orekhovo-Borisovo, Maryino, Brateevo, Moskvorechye-Saburovo, Central and Southern Chertanovo, Northern Butovo, Konkovo, Yasenevo, Obruchevsky, Kuntsevo, Fili, Strogino, Mitino, Tushino, Altufyevo, Otradnoye, Ostankino and others. Also, separate houses of the KOPE series were built / are being built in some other areas on the site of the demolished 5-storey buildings
In the Moscow region, new buildings of the KOPE series were built in the city of Golitsino, are being built in the city of Lyubertsy (microdistrict Lyubertsy Fields)
Number of houses built in Moscow: about 250, in the Moscow region (including those under construction) - 10
All houses of the KOPE standard series consist of KTZhS - Layout (catalog) typical residential sections. There are about 10 KTZHS with different options for apartments and floor plans
- Areas of 1-room apartments (3 sizes): total: 38-39 sq. m., residential: 17-20 sq. m., kitchen: 10-10.4 sq. m. There is also a small-sized modification with footage 33 / 14.8 / 10.1
- Areas of 2-room apartments (6 sizes): total: 55-62 sq. m., residential: 32-38 sq. m., kitchen: 10-10.5 sq. m.
- Areas of 3-room apartments (6 standard sizes): total: 75-82 sq. m., residential: 43-54 sq. m., kitchen: 10-13 sq. m.
- Areas of 4-room apartments (2 standard sizes): total: 100-102 sq. m., residential: 65-70 sq. m., kitchen: 10.3-19 sq. m.
- Areas of 6-room apartments (1 standard size): total: 133 sq. m., residential: 97 sq. m., kitchen: 19 sq. m.
- All rooms in the apartments of houses of the KOPE series are isolated
- Bathrooms: separate, bathtubs: standard, 170 cm long.
Stairs: smoke-free, with access to a common balcony. Garbage chute: with a loading valve on each floor
Cooker type: electric
Walls: external reinforced concrete hinged three-layer panels (concrete - insulation - concrete) with a total thickness of 30 cm. Interroom and interior - reinforced concrete panels 18 and 22 cm thick. Partitions 14 cm thick. Ceilings - large-sized ("per room") reinforced concrete slabs 14 cm thick .
Bearing walls: all inter-apartment and most inter-room. Arrangement of openings in most walls is prohibited, in some KTZHS it is allowed only above the 7th floor. Loggias / balconies are cantilevered, i.e. it is forbidden to break the threshold
Type of sections (entrances): end, row (row) and rotary (corner). Almost all entrances have an emergency exit on the opposite side.
Number of steps in the section (entrance): 7, step width (distance between two adjacent load-bearing walls): 360 cm
Facing, plastering of external walls: facing with square tiles (early modification of KOPE-80, KOPE-85) or large rectangular tiles (KOPE-2000). Blind ends and balconies - unlined panel
External wall color options: tiles: brown, beige, olive, blind ends, protruding panel edges and balconies - white, single houses - other colors. In the new modification of KOPE-2000: tiles: white, yellow, sea wave, golden ocher, ultramarine, color options for unlined elements are not limited
roof type: flat
Distinctive features: the standard series of KOPE houses is outwardly distinguished by protruding panel ribs (introduced into production in order to improve the characteristics of the seam connection). Three-layer panels (between the concrete layers contain polystyrene foam insulation) have increased thermal insulation. Since 2002, windows in houses of the KOPE series have been glazed with KBE plastic double-glazed windows (Germany). All houses of all modifications of the KOPE series have 3 elevators
Other advantages: KOPE-2000 has increased sound insulation, heaters with temperature controllers, copper wiring, automatic smoke exhaust system. All double-glazed windows in houses of all modifications of the KOPE series, except for windows with a balcony door, contain vents
Disadvantages: limited options for redevelopment
Manufacturer: DSK-2 (part of the PIK Group)
Designer: Mosproekt
The abbreviation "KOPE" means "layout (catalog) space-planning elements." Thanks to this constructive solution, great variability in the layouts of apartments is possible even in one single building: less than 10 typical KOPEs are produced, and more than 20 standard sizes of apartments.
The structural characteristics of houses of the KOPE standard series are quite strong. In 2008, as a result of a gas cylinder explosion on the 11th floor of a 22-storey section in one of the houses of the KOPE series on the street. Academician Korolev, several external panels collapsed (they are not load-bearing). However, all the load-bearing elements of the section survived, and when repairing the house, it was enough to restore these external panels and strengthen the ceilings on 2 floors with a small steel frame
However, one of the most popular Moscow series, created by JSC "Mosproekt", leaves a more or less interesting project. The considered 4-section 25-storey residential building on Elninskaya street, vl.14B is a modification of KOPE 2000. It looks quite modern - the architects found unusual color solutions for the facades - and the project was supported by the chief architect.
The series began at the Ochakovsky reinforced concrete plant in 1980 (since 2001, DSK-2 has been part of PIK Group). The new product at that time turned out to be very strong and made a real breakthrough in panel housing construction. These were 22-storey buildings of the KOPE-80 series. Higher houses in Moscow then were not to be found. All KOPE residential buildings were built from layout space-planning elements, which served as the name of the series. At the time construction began, this was a completely new way of forming a residential section - it became possible to design completely different versions of apartments.
After 5 years, the series was improved, which made it possible to form individual space-planning solutions depending on the specific urban planning situation or the wishes of the customer. The composition of the apartments also became diverse - there were meridional and latitudinal layouts, ordinary, corner, rotary sections.
Each KOPE was a smaller element than a block section. At the same time, it was a complete standard element, structurally formed for the entire height of the building, from the foundations to the roof, having its own architectural, planning and technical and economic characteristics. Interlocking with each other in a certain order, the KOPE formed layout typical residential sections - of different heights and apartment layouts. That is, in the KOPE system, for the first time, the principle of “open” typification of block sections was laid down, which has become one of the main ones in the current new standards of residential development.
There were seven modifications of the KOPE series: KOPE-80, KOPE-85, KOPE-87, KOPE-2000, KOPE "PARUS", KOPE "Tower" and "Tower M". In short, the generation of houses in the 1980s was distinguished by the fact that there were no transitional balconies and the facades were flat and clean. In the 1990s, when fire regulations were updated, balconies, loggias and transitional balconies appeared, while facades became more complex. And in the KOPE generation of the 2000s, the facades became more colorful and it was possible to reduce the interpanel seams.
In general, we can say that the KOPE series still meets all the requirements of regulatory documentation in terms of planning solutions and engineering and technical equipment. So, in the houses of this series, since 2011, a modern staircase and elevator assembly has been installed, fully adapted for people with disabilities. There are heaters with temperature controllers, copper wiring, automatic smoke exhaust system.
Here are some characteristics of KOPE:
- Internal walls - load-bearing in increments of 3.6 or 6 meters;
- Three elevators in each entrance (passenger and 2 cargo-passenger);
- Balconies or loggias in all apartments (remote);
- It is possible to build houses of variable number of storeys;
- Design of apartments with an increased area (due to the connection of several neighboring apartments).
Houses of the KOPE series fully comply with all modern fire safety standards:
- Automatic smoke exhaust systems;
- air boost systems;
- Fire detectors;
- Smoke-free staircase;
- Garbage chute fire extinguishing system (since 2000, environmentally friendly garbage chute has been used in houses of the KOPE series).
At present, houses of the KOPE series are being built with underground garages and the first non-residential floor according to an individual project with built-in and attached premises for various purposes: shops, offices, etc. - from monolithic reinforced concrete.
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The fact that the house on Elninskaya street, vl. with the requirements of Decree 305 of the Government of Moscow, representatives of the developer explained. The new industrial product uses modern architectural solutions, variability of facade finishing without highlighting interpanel seams, a new typology of window block sizes that differ in height and width, flexible apartment design that allows you to create apartment layouts depending on the needs of the project.
The houses of the new series have an increased energy efficiency class due to the sealing of interpanel joints and the absence of a “cold bridge”. Standard sections "PIK-1" allow you to create the basis for the formation of two types of buildings - quarterly and mixed.
At the beginning of 2015, the houses of the new industrial series have already entered the market. They can be seen in the projects, and LCD "Meshchersky Forest".
