Help children with homework. Homework, advice and help

When a child is born, it often goes straight to the university. And this university is his parents, who from the cradle begin to raise a genius. Let us recall at least Glen Doman's method of teaching reading, which can be tested on a one-year-old baby. Trying to get ahead of time and embody their unfulfilled hopes and ambitions in children, parents create the conditions for an eternal race for a child who is often not ready for this at all. And often, as a result, by the age of seven, at best, it becomes uninteresting to study for a seven-year-old, at worst, nervous breakdowns due to mental stress simply do not allow him to do this. But from school, the child brings home not just knowledge, but also a lot of homework to consolidate the material covered, the moral strength to complete which is no longer enough. After all, solving mathematical examples or memorizing historical dates cannot be compared with playing football in the yard or riding a bicycle. When parents do not know how to motivate a child to do homework, the struggle for knowledge becomes excruciating for both parties. We offer 10 ways to motivate a student who has difficulty starting homework.

Method number 1: Positive attitude

If you tell your child about the following words: “I know that homework is not exactly what you want to do, but you have to, because it IS NECESSARY,” then this will be the surest way to demotivate the child.

On the contrary, think positively, based on the three main whales - the goals of homework:

“Reinforce what you learned in school. In addition, you will learn something new and interesting. It's easy and useful";

“It's good that by doing your homework, you learn to study on your own, separate from the class. It will help you in life”;

“It’s good that you learn to plan your time, it will be useful to you later in life.”

"My child doesn't do his homework, but he still gets good grades." "What to do so that the child sits down for lessons without reminders?" Such questions are literally full of Internet forums dedicated to raising children. This suggests that almost every parent has experienced this problem.

"My child does not do homework, but the grades still bring good. "" What to do so that the child sits down for lessons without reminders? " Such questions are literally full of Internet forums dedicated to raising children. This suggests that almost every parent has encountered this problem At the same time, someone understands the importance of the child doing homework, and is ready to make every effort to correct the situation.

And someone thinks that if a child brings good grades, it means that he learns everything in the lesson, and it is not necessary to take extra work at home. I would like to say to the last category of parents that homework is given not only in order to consolidate the knowledge gained in the lesson. They teach the child to work independently, contribute to his full development and the ability to work on his mistakes. Therefore, regardless of whether the child's academic performance is good or not, homework must be done.

But we will tell you about how to teach a child to do homework at home using practical advice as an example.

1. Your child must have a clear space for homework. It is very important that this place had a minimum of objects that could distract him from his studies (for example, toys or bright and interesting books).
2. In no case should a child be "sit down" for lessons immediately after classes or when the child is in an excited state. The child must first rest, calm down, and only then can you start doing homework.
3. Experts recommend that parents of students in grades 1-2 do homework with the baby, gradually accustoming him to independence. In this case, it is advisable to start with those items that are the hardest for the child and finish with the lighter ones.
4. The first step in doing homework must be an oral reading of the assignment. You must first make sure that the child understands what his work consists of, and only then proceed to the written assignment.
5. Never yell or call your child names if they don't succeed. This will only hurt you! Try to find something positive and good for which you can praise him and calmly help him redo what did not work out. Please note, it is HELP, but do not perform instead.
6. Be sure to take breaks between lessons (at school this is called a physical minute). Experts are confident that first-graders can work effectively on one subject for only 10 minutes, so it is recommended to take a break every ten minutes. With each subsequent year, 10 minutes must be added to this figure (that is, for a second grader, a break must be arranged every 20 minutes, and for a third grader - 30 minutes).
7. In order not to miss anything important when doing homework, it is advisable to adhere to a certain work algorithm. For example - the algorithm for completing a task in the Russian language:

• repeat the rule
• read the exercise carefully;
• if everything is clear, do it in writing in a notebook;
• check if there are additional tasks for the exercise. If there is, execute;
• check and repeat new vocabulary words again.

1. Parents should definitely set aside at least half an hour to check the quality of their children's homework (especially in elementary school). If your child is already in high school, and you personally do not understand some classes (and this happens very often, especially if mom or dad does not show an inclination, for example, to mathematics), you can use a textbook with completed homework.
2. It is very important to bring to the attention of the child that he does the lessons not for you and not for the teacher. It is necessary, first of all, to him! Explain to the child that by doing homework, he gains skills and knowledge that will definitely be useful to him in the future.
3. In addition to doing homework, it is important to pay due attention to the repetition of the rules from the previous lesson, as well as to check the degree of assimilation of the material that was taught in the lesson in the classroom. This way you will not allow gaps in the knowledge of the child.

We help the child prepare homework - we help him grow up as a full-fledged personality

It is important that the rule helping a child with homework“became one of the fundamental postulates of every parent, and did not depend on the mood and degree of fatigue of mom or dad. some period of time, because by helping a child to do his homework we help him to grow up as a full-fledged personality, aimed at achieving success and able to be responsible for his actions.

GOBU MO TsPPMS - assistance

for parents

"Rules for helping a child with homework"

Ergonomics of the student's workplace

With the beginning of schooling, the load on the child increases dramatically. Those hours that he spends every day at a school desk or desk, doing his homework, may not have the best effect on his development.

Therefore, parents should pay special attention to posture and vision.

The organization of the student's workplace includes several points: the location in the room, the size of school furniture, the lighting of the student's workplace and the location of stationery. In this article, we will focus on each of them.

The location of the student's workplace at home.

Thinking over the location of the student's workplace at home, it is necessary to take into account the light source. The table for the child should be placed as close as possible to the window and set sideways, because. Insufficient illumination of the workplace can cause visual impairment.

It is important to consider whether the child is right-handed or left-handed. So, if the child is right-handed, then the light should fall on the table from the left and in front, because. if it falls to the right or behind, then the shadow from the child’s hand and body will fall on the notebook, and if the child is left-handed, then to the right. It is not recommended to put the table straight. In this case, the light falling on the work surface will be reflected from it, negatively affecting the student's vision.

Illumination of a workplace of the schoolboy.

The child does homework in the afternoon. Very often at this time there is not enough natural lighting, so parents need to think about how to correctly organize artificial lighting of the student's workplace. In accordance with the requirements of ergonomics and hygiene of the student's workplace, the lamp must be placed taking into account the right- or left-handedness of the child.

So for a left-hander, the lamp is placed on the right, and for a right-hander, on the left. When doing homework, it is better to use two light sources - a chandelier and a table lamp. At the same time, preference should be given not to a fluorescent lamp, from which the eyes quickly get tired, but to an ordinary incandescent lamp.

Often parents ask such a question, with what subject is it better to start preparing lessons, from difficult or easy? It is best to teach him to independently determine the difficulties of the work performed and decide for himself which subject to start doing homework with. If the student is included in the work immediately, it is advisable for him to do the most difficult lessons first and move on to the easier ones. If he draws in slowly, then he should start with the easier ones and only gradually move on to the difficult ones.

It is best to start doing homework 1 hour or 1.5 hours after returning from school in order to have time to take a break from classes. If the child is busy with some other business (for example, attends circles, sections), then you can sit down later. But in any case, you can not postpone it for the evening.

The duration of the child's work on preparing homework should be as follows:

Up to 1 hour - in the first class;

Up to 1.5 hours - in the second;

Up to 2 hours - in the third and fourth grade.

These standards are set by the Ministry of Education.

To successfully complete the task, a clear rhythm of classes is necessary. For example, after 25 minutes of training, you should take a break for 5 to 10 minutes, during which you should perform some physical exercises.

The student should be educated in the habit of rigorous and systematic preparation of lessons. The habit of practicing, and practicing conscientiously, should become second nature to the growing little man. No matter how the good weather outside the window beckons, no matter how interesting the program is on TV, no matter what guests come, in short, no matter what happens - the lessons must always be done, and done well. There is no justification for unprepared lessons and there cannot be - this must be made clear to the student from the very first days of classes.

Choosing a table and chair for a student.

Very often, when organizing a child’s workplace, parents buy him a table “for growth”. Performing written tasks at such a table, the child is in an unnatural position, quickly getting tired and acquiring problems with the musculoskeletal system.

The best and most budget option in this case is furniture that “grows” with the child. Today on the market there is a large selection of tables and chairs for schoolchildren with height adjustment. On the one hand, this will save the family budget, since it will not be necessary to buy new furniture every year, on the other hand, you can always adjust it to the height of the child.

Ideal for a child, especially in elementary school, is a table with an inclined surface of 14-15 °. At the same time, pay attention that there is a special lock at the bottom that will not allow notebooks, pens and textbooks to slide off the table. The corners of school furniture should be rounded, the mechanisms are equipped with protection against pinching fingers. In terms of psychology, preference should be given to light tones of furniture coloring.

How to properly adjust the table for the student:

the desk top should be at the level of the solar plexus, the elbows with hands down should be 5-6 cm below the table surface, the optimal size of the desk top is 60 * 120 cm. As for the chair, it should have a firm back and be slightly arched to provide support to the lumbar spine. The seat is concave, due to which the weight of the child's body and, accordingly, the blood circulation will be distributed evenly over the entire surface of the seat, preventing numbness of individual parts of the body.

Location of educational supplies.

Ideally, all school supplies should be in one place. Often, tables for a student are equipped with drawers where you can put the entire office. And put textbooks on shelves nailed next to the child's table, or in a locker.

And further. Do not place bright objects near the child's workplace that may distract him from his studies. And after 40 minutes of sedentary work, do a little warm-up for 5 minutes to avoid hypodynamia.

What can you advise parents if their child cannot "sit" at the lessons?

The mode of the day plays an important role in organizing the educational work of the student. Special studies conducted in the primary grades have shown that those who study well have a fixed time for preparing lessons, and they stick to it. And, on the contrary, among the weak students there are many who do not have a permanent time allotted for studying.

The cultivation of the habit of systematic work begins with the establishment of a firm regime of study, without which success in learning cannot be achieved. The daily routine should not change depending on the number of lessons, on the fact that an interesting film is shown on TV or guests have come to the house. The child should sit down for lessons not only at the same time, but also at a permanent workplace. Everything on the table should be in its place. A well-known specialist in the scientific organization of labor A.K. Gastev argued that if the workplace is in perfect order, then this is already half the battle. And the student's workplace should be such that, by its very appearance, it tunes in to work, arouses a desire to do educational work. You should also always have a stack of paper on hand so that there is no need to tear pages out of your notebook. Near the table, it is desirable to hang (at arm's length) a shelf with textbooks, dictionaries, reference books and other necessary books. Before my eyes - a calendar and a schedule of lessons. It is not recommended to use heavy handles, as an increase in its weight even by one gram increases fatigue.

If housing and material conditions do not allow providing the student with a separate desk and bookshelf, then it is still necessary to provide the child with some permanent place so that he can keep his books and notebooks there.

First of all, you need to pay attention to the environment in which the child does homework. Stuffiness and noise reduce speed and efficiency by 3 times and accelerate fatigue by the same amount. The concentration of attention is best affected by the temperature in the room. The optimum concentration is reached when

temperature 18-22t.

Memo control on homework

Dear parents! When supervising homework, show tolerance and respect for the personality of your child:

Do not compare his skills with the skills of other children.

Do not shout, it is better to determine the reason for the child's lack of ability to perform a given exercise.

Create conditions for the successful completion of homework by the child.

Do not try to do homework for your son or daughter, it will do them a disservice.

Encourage perseverance and display of character in achieving the goal.

Require your child to carefully read the instructions for completing educational tasks, formulating questions.

Teach him to study in detail the contents of the textbook, reference materials, rules and instructions.

Develop his attention and attentiveness when doing homework.

Praise your child for timely and well-done homework.

Demonstrate his achievements in front of other family members, brothers and sisters.

In order to make it easier for your child to do homework, buy him encyclopedias, dictionaries and reference books on various subjects, reference books on information media.

Form the habit of finishing what you start, even if you have to sacrifice something.

Buy your child logic games that contribute to the formation of perseverance, patience and responsibility.

Don't dismiss your child's questions. By doing this, you exacerbate the problems associated with preparing homework.

memo“How to teach a child to be independent in preparing lessons?”

1. Start with the subject that is easiest for the child, and do not answer any question addressed to you until the task is completed. See if there are oversights, offer to look for them yourself. Try to avoid the word "error". Don't make fun "mistakes" their children.

2.Mathematics . Hang the multiplication table above the bed and learn from it to multiply and divide at once. Get ahead of the school, learn the whole table. Tasks learn to read and present. If the child cannot cope with the task, show how to do it using an example of a similar task.

3.Reading. Once the child reads by himself. Then he retells what he read to you. If he inaccurately retells some place, let him read it again. So we get away from meaningless repetitions. Be sure to read books aloud at night with your child, in turn, and where possible, by roles.

4.Russian language . In case of difficulties, do all the tasks aloud, but do not write letters or words in the textbook. When writing, the child remembers everything again. Leave the room until he completes the task, do not stand behind him.

5. World around - not only in the book. Write out additional magazines. Make interesting clippings from there and select texts. This will come in handy in 5th grade.

Memo to the child"Let's sit down for lessons"

Sit down for lessons always at the same time.

Ventilate the room 10 minutes before class starts.

Turn off your computer, phone, TV. The room where you work should be quiet.

Check the class schedule for tomorrow. Check if all tasks are recorded in the diary.

Get your writing materials ready for class.

Remove everything from the table.

It's time to get started. Sit comfortably, open your textbook...

Doing homework is often associated with quite serious difficulties. Schoolchildren experience difficulties because they get tired after school, they tend to go about their business, to relax. It is difficult for them to concentrate and take on the next job. It is not easy to start studying again at home, to approach each task responsibly. Successful studies require willpower, perseverance. Of course, fatigue affects, and some disciplines in themselves cause a negative attitude. For example, it is always harder to do homework in subjects that are less clear. The most important thing in such cases is to concentrate, follow the work algorithm, think over a lesson plan, rationally allocate time and not be distracted. Consider a number of nuances, remember the recommendations to quickly do your homework and avoid mistakes. Then you yourself will be surprised at the results: it turns out that you can do it much more efficiently, while spending less time.

How to achieve high speed and literacy when doing homework?
First of all, you need to remember an important rule: you need to rush slowly. You should not rush, try to write, read, solve problems as quickly as possible. With this approach, the quality of work will immediately drop sharply, and additional time will be spent on checking and correcting. To really increase speed, but at the same time avoid shortcomings, you need to carefully manage your time, act purposefully and focus, without distractions.

1. Start by scheduling your homework. It is desirable that you devote some time to studying every day, and not just immediately before going to school. If you distribute the load more evenly, it will be much easier for you to work. Always take into account in your daily routine that the lessons may take a little longer than you expected. Leave a margin of 30 minutes to 1 hour. Try to complete everything on time, but do not forget that you still have this stock. Don't let the duration of the period allotted for completing tasks scare you: when you get used to working carefully, according to a plan, it will take you noticeably less time than the designated period.
   
2. Take into account various factors related to other matters, work, when determining the time of classes. It is advisable not to sit down for lessons immediately after coming from school. It is better to allocate time for rest, distract from study, have a snack. A good option is to take a walk on the street, do some sports. If you are tired, stop for passive rest: read a book, watch TV. However, don't take too long a break. The normal time for rest after school is 1-1.5 hours. Sometimes students prefer to sleep a little after returning from school, but this is not a good way out. Thus, you will bring down your regimen, fitful sleep usually has a bad effect on the body. If you need it, you should consult your doctor. A good option is to get enough sleep at night so you don't feel like lying down when you get home.
   
3. Remember that the key to good work is order in everything. When you make a schedule, always stick to it. In order not to forget to sit down for lessons on time, set an alarm clock. It will also come in handy for indicating periods of work between which you need to take a break, about 10 minutes. When there are many lessons, it is not necessary to do everything in a row to save time. You will need rest breaks, preferably every 35-50 minutes. Their frequency may also depend on the nature of the work: focus on your condition. If the work is fragmentary (for example, you solve problems in physics or algebra), but you get tired of it, you can take a break after 35 minutes. When a task is easier for you, but in itself requires a long time to complete (for example, writing an essay), it is worth taking a break after 50 minutes, but resting a little longer.
   
4. Keep all your belongings, school supplies, textbooks and notebooks in order. Then you will always have everything at hand, you will not need to search for lost items for a long time or start new notebooks. Please note that the environment itself will begin to create a working mood for you when everything around is in its place.
   
5. When starting classes, take care of peace and tranquility in advance. Nothing should distract you: turn off the TV, put away your favorite books, magazines. It is advisable to turn off the computer and phone. This will help you do your homework correctly, not delay the work.
   
6. Create the most comfortable conditions for yourself. The table should be comfortable, remove all foreign objects from it. Choose the most suitable chair, pay attention to its height, matching the table. Try to sit up straight, do not bend too low to the notebooks. If you bend, in this position you will feel tired much faster, because the load on the spine and back will increase. You should not practice on the couch while lying down, as this negatively affects vision.
   
7. Gradually build your own "knowledge base". Be sure to save your notes, notebooks, control and written work, notes. All this will certainly come in handy. Even if you have already moved to another class, do not throw away papers: then topics can be repeated, many of them are closely related. Keep records when you practice on your own. For example, if a certain topic or subject causes difficulties for you, try to fill in the gaps yourself: re-read the theory, outline difficult places, and complete practical tasks. All these materials will help you master the information, master the necessary skills, and in the future you will be able, simply by looking at old records, to reproduce everything in memory.
   
8. Think about the order in which you should do your homework. You can start with a simpler one, if you do not immediately plunge into work, it is difficult for you to concentrate. When you get tired quickly, you should start with more difficult tasks first, and leave the simple ones for the last period of work.
   
9. Rational distribution of time, concentration and responsible attitude will help you quickly do your homework. Do not be distracted by other things - time will fly by faster, do not weaken your attention - you will not have to correct shortcomings for a long time.
   

An approximate plan for quickly and correctly completing homework

1. Make a daily routine and always follow it.
   
2. Relax after school. You can go for a walk or just sit at home.
   
3. Keep in strict order all things, notebooks and textbooks, school supplies.
   
4. Set an alarm so you don't miss the start of homework.
   
5. Focus and eliminate all distractions: turn off the TV, do not talk on the phone with friends.
   
6. Take breaks in your workouts so you don't overwork.
   
7. Allocate time rationally: roughly calculate in advance which lessons how much time you will spend, take into account the peculiarities of the school schedule, your level of preparation. Something can be postponed, done on the weekend. But it is better to do the bulk of the lessons right away, when you come home from school, you have fresh memories, the topic was recently explained by the teacher.
   
8. Think about where you should start: with easier tasks, or difficult ones.
   
9. Work slowly to avoid making mistakes.
   
10. When everything is done, be sure to check the work done, try to find and correct the shortcomings.
    

Study carefully, according to the schedule, do not deviate from the plan, take breaks, treat each task responsibly, even if it seems easy, always double-check your work. Then you will do your homework correctly, spend less time on it.

Homework is a special kind

independent work, it occurs without
direct guidance from the teacher, so
needs to create the necessary conditions for
its successful implementation.
Students are responsible for homework
important functions of training, education and development.
Based on which student to give homework
task - strong, medium or weak? More often
we give homework taking into account the average
student.
The regularity 1: 6 is established,
which means that if you focus on the weak
or medium, then a strong student will do his homework
task 6 times faster. If you focus on
strong student, the weak student will spend time in
6 times more, which will certainly affect
employment of the student and his well-being.
The same task for the strong can be
easy, for the weak - difficult. The first do not train
themselves on difficult material for them, the latter lose
Confidence in your strength. And as a result, neither those nor
others do not develop a responsible
relation to what is given at home. Home
work is effective only when all the children
ready to do it on their own.
One of
major
the younger generation
independence of thought,
creative activity.
-
tasks of education
formation
preparation for
To different students

Main
need different time, different volume, different kinds
and forms of work to master the software
educational material.
through
implementation of this task is a differential
balanced approach, which is to
account for this difference in one way or another. He
necessary at all stages of learning: both in the classroom and
and at home when doing homework
works. Any homework should display
student to a higher level
intellectual development and independence
solutions.
A differentiated approach to volume and
the content of homework is carried out with
taking into account cognitive
opportunities and
characteristics of students.

At the same time, knowledge, skills are consolidated
development of logical thinking,
self-control
and skills
the formation of independence,
responsible attitude to learning.

Offering differentiated home
assignments to consider:
child's ability to learn
(quick mastering of educational material, depth
his understanding);
the ability to express one's thoughts;
cognitive activity (manifestation
interest in knowledge)
organization in work (ability to bring
started work to the end).

Based on the individual characteristics of children,
tasks are selected in such a way that when subordinating
a single cognitive goal and one topic, they
varying degrees of difficulty.

Three groups (levels) of difficulty: (students themselves
choose an option, or each option is a teacher
pre-assigns to a specific group
students):

1. Doing homework that requires
mastering the rules within the educational
standard of the topics studied and getting an assessment - 3-4;

2. Doing homework that requires
going beyond the volume requiring assimilation
rules that go beyond educational
standard and stimulating a higher rating -
4-5;

3. Doing homework that requires
independent decisions
ideas
creativity and stimulating high
rating - 5.
finds,
For level 3, you can use such tasks,
how:
assignments to identify patterns;
tasks for the development of logic;
consideration of tasks with superfluous or
missing data;
drawing up inverse tasks, similar tasks;

Solving puzzles, puzzles,
crosswords;
drafting proposals and texts;
drawing up proposal schemes;
compiling riddles;
drafting questions to the text;
drawing up a text plan;
completing tasks that require
encyclopedic knowledge;
Examples of differentiated tasks:
Russian language:
1 group of students - tasks of the type ZV_NOK,
ST_RONA, COLOR_CURRENT, CH_ FIT insert
missing consonant. (It's homemade
the task is associated with repetition and consolidation
rules is scored "3" or "4", depending on
on the performance and personality of the child)
2 group of students - proposed to insert
the missing letter and find the test word. (It

execution)

You need to come up with a few words for this.
rule and make sentences with them on
a specific topic. (Rated at "5")
Maths:
1 group of students - tasks of the form: draw
a broken line like in a textbook, find out its length. (It

child)
2 group of students - it was proposed to draw
broken line, find out its length and express it in
millimeters and if possible in decimetres. (It
the task is aimed at greater volume and skill
correctly and independently choose a test
word is rated at "4" or "5", depending on
execution)
3rd group of students - they must not only fulfill
previous task, but also approach it creatively.
It is necessary to draw a polyline of the same length, but with
a large number of links. (Rated at "5")

Reading:
1 group of students - Read expressively
poem by K. Chukovsky "Joy". (It
homework involves repetition and
fixing the rule, is evaluated at "3" or "4", in
depending on performance and individuality
child)
Group 2 students - Read expressively
poem by K. Chukovsky "Joy", pick up
rhyming words:
- frog
- cat
- boy
(This task is aimed at a larger volume and
the ability to choose the right
the test word is evaluated at "4" or "5", in
execution dependent)

3rd group of students - they must not only fulfill
previous task, but also approach it creatively:
come up with a rhyme for words and compose with one of
rhyming short poem (couple).
(Rated at "5")

These tasks contribute to the development
abilities of children, deepening knowledge. Fulfilling
such tasks, students become the subject
cognitive activity that educates
initiative (in this case, the choice of level),
autonomy in the acquisition of knowledge, skills and
skills, in the development of thinking, memory and
creative imagination.

meet the needs of students
training, allow you to fill in the gaps in
knowledge, provide an opportunity for insecure students
to strengthen in their abilities, strong -
develop your interests to a deep passion,
both are taught self-knowledge.

When and how to give differentiated
homework?
It is best to give homework to children before
the end of the lesson when the children's attention is wrong
scattered and strength is not at the limit. The task must
accompanied by clear instruction from the teacher:
attention can be focused on either
analysis of its content, or analysis of the method
execution or on its design. Students
make a choice and write down the task in diaries.

per
The role of the teacher is to actively observe
learners so that they are not accustomed to doing
the version of homework that does not require
intellectual costs, but all the time to stimulate
their motivation for success, overcoming difficulties.